An idea · Nineteenth Century · first attested 1848
Class Struggle
All hitherto existing history is the history of class struggles.
The opening claim of The Communist Manifesto. Society at any given stage is structured by an antagonism between those who own the means of production and those who don't. Capitalism, on the Marxian view, generates this antagonism in unusually transparent form: it pits bourgeoisie against proletariat. The Marxian prediction was that the contradiction would eventually resolve in revolution.