Theory of Descriptions

'The present king of France is bald' is meaningful — because it is logically complex.

Russell's most famous logical innovation. The sentence about the king of France looks like it refers to a non-existent person, which is puzzling. Russell shows the sentence really has a hidden logical form: "there is exactly one present king of France, and he is bald." Now the puzzle dissolves: the sentence is simply false (because there is no such king). The analysis founds the analytic style.